Traveling to Haryana is a privilege for tourists on a visit to India, whether they are drawn to tradition, the magic of urban landscapes, or nature. Haryana combines all three beautifully. A former principality in Northern India, bordering Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, and Rajasthan, the Indian state of Haryana was torn apart by independence wars. Yet it quickly recovered by developing tourism and cereal cultivation. Discover everything you need to know about this member of the Indian federation in this guide.

History

Haryana's history is fascinating. The first inhabitants settled on the Shivalik hills during the Paleolithic period. Haryana's past is steeped in myths and legends connected to Vedic culture. It was here that the great battle of the Bhârata took place, recounted in Hinduism's sacred text. On this soil, the poet Ved Vyasa, with the help of Lord Ganesha, recorded the chronicles of the great war without pause. It was also here that Krishna reminded Arjuna of the supremacy of civic duty over family bonds.

The state of Haryana endured a series of violent wars from the late 14th century to the 18th century, with Mughals, Afghans, and Marathas taking turns controlling the region. In 1820, the region fell under British rule and would not gain independence until 130 years later.

Today

The state of Haryana has approximately 25.3 million inhabitants (2011 census). The main city is Chandigarh, which serves as the capital of both Punjab and Haryana. The city's plan was conceived by Franco-Swiss architect Le Corbusier, who endowed it with incomparable architectural heritage. A premier destination, Chandigarh amazes many visitors with its magnificent structures inspired by European architecture in the heart of India (the General Secretariat, the Legislative Assembly, and the High Court).

Yet rural India, beloved by backpackers, still thrives in the province: verdant landscapes, endless rice fields, Murrah buffalo, and farming communities. No region resembles another: each possesses its own temples and local deity. Daily life is marked by Hindu festivals, where you can witness prayers, hymns, and offerings to the gods. The Phalgu Tirth site is the most visited.

The state of Haryana is administratively divided into 22 districts. The most popular destinations are Gurgaon, Rohtak, and Panchkula. The government can pride itself on offering an enviable standard of living to its population. Indeed, Haryana is one of the few states in India where potable water, rural electrification, and paved roads are guaranteed public services.

Tourism

Haryana offers a diverse range of attractions and activities, from historic and religious sites to wildlife and adventure destinations.

1. Historic and Religious Sites

- Kurukshetra

Renowned for its historic and religious significance, Kurukshetra is a city steeped in myths and legends tied to Vedic culture. It is said that the great battle of the Bhârata, described in Hinduism's sacred text, took place here.

- Pinjore Gardens (Pinjore)

The Pinjore Gardens will captivate you with their stunning Mughal architecture. They offer a peaceful and visually impressive experience.

- Mata Sheetla Devi Temple (Gurgaon)

This renowned Hindu sanctuary is dedicated to the goddess of smallpox and measles. It attracts many devotees seeking blessings and healing.

- Brahma Sarovar (Kurukshetra)

Brahma Sarovar is a sacred reservoir considered to be the place where Lord Brahma created the universe. It is a site of great spiritual importance and pilgrimage for many Hindus.

- Gurudwara Nada Sahib (Panchkula)

This is an important Sikh sanctuary. Visitors can discover Sikh history and spirituality in a serene setting.

- Raja Nahar Singh Palace (Faridabad)

Explore this historic palace located in Ballabgarh, near Faridabad. It offers an insight into the region's royal architecture and history.

- Kabuli Bagh Mosque (Panipat)

This historic mosque was built by Babur. It is a notable example of Mughal architecture.

- Tomb of Bu-Ali Shah Kalandar (Panipat)

Bu-Ali Shah Kalandar is a Sufi saint of the Owaisī order who lived and taught in India during the 13th and 14th centuries. A place of reflection and reverence, his mausoleum attracts those interested in Sufi history and spirituality.

2. Nature and Wildlife

- Sultanpur National Park (Gurgaon)

Sultanpur National Park is a paradise for amateur birdwatchers and photographers. A wide variety of bird species inhabit this protected area.

- Aravali Biodiversity Park (Gurgaon)

Discover the rich biodiversity of the Aravalli range by visiting this park. It is dedicated to preserving the local ecosystem.

- Kalesar National Park

Kalesar National Park impresses with its dense forests and diverse wildlife, including leopards, elephants, and various bird species.

3. Adventure and Recreation

- Rangmanch Farms (Gurgaon)

An adventure park offering varied activities such as zip-lining, camel rides, and much more. It's an excellent place for a day filled with excitement and entertainment.

- Leisure Valley Park (Gurgaon)

A popular park with hiking trails and other recreational facilities. It features green space for walks, sports, or simply relaxing.

4. Other Attractions

- Heritage Transport Museum (Gurgaon)

This museum showcases the evolution of transportation in India. It fascinates with its rich collection of vehicles and artifacts related to transportation history.

- Kurukshetra Panorama & Science Centre

A science museum focused on the Kurukshetra war. It offers interactive and educational exhibitions on this historic event.

- Rewari Steam Locomotive Shed & Rail Museum (Rewari)

This museum is dedicated to steam locomotives. Train enthusiasts and railway history buffs will find an impressive collection here.

- Shopping in Ambala

Explore the bustling fabric markets of Ambala. It's an opportunity to discover local craftsmanship and find unique souvenirs.

- Discovering Haryanvi Cuisine

Savor local dishes at dhabas and restaurants. Haryanvi cuisine is known for its simplicity and use of fresh ingredients, reflecting its agricultural heritage. Dishes emphasize dairy products and cereals, particularly roti (flatbread) made from various flours such as wheat, chickpea, and barley. Here are some popular dishes:

• Kachri ki Sabzi: a dish made with kachri, a small wild melon, with spices and sometimes potatoes.
• Singri ki Sabzi: a dish prepared with berries and dried beans.
• Hara Dhania Cholia: a curry made with fresh green chickpeas, onions, carrots, and spices.
• Kadhi Pakora: a dish of fried chickpea flour dumplings dipped in a tangy yogurt sauce.
• Mixed Dal: a blend of lentils cooked with spices and ghee (clarified butter).

By Road

Tourists can easily reach Haryana by car. Major cities and towns are connected by India's national highway system, not to mention that much of the state is close to Delhi.

By Air

There are two air access routes: Chandigarh International Airport and Delhi Indira Gandhi International Airport. Smaller towns such as Pinjore, Karnal, Hisar, Bhiwani, and Narnaul have airfield strips.

By Rail

A convenient and pleasant, though slower, mode of transport to reach Haryana. The main railway station is located in Chandigarh. Besides this, trains depart and arrive at stations in Rohtak, Panipat, Ambala, Kalka, Kurukshetra, Jind, Hisar, and Jakhal.

What Language Is Spoken in Haryana?

In Haryana, the primary language is Haryanvi, a dialect of Hindi spoken in rural areas. Hindi is the official language of the state and is widely used in administration, education, and media. English is also common in professional and urban settings.

What Is the Religion of Haryana?

On the religious side, the majority of inhabitants are Hindu (over 85%). There are also significant Sikh communities, particularly in the northern part of the state, as well as Muslim, Christian, and Jain populations, living mainly in cities.